Hepatitis C in haemorrhagic obstetrical emergencies

To determine the maternal health and fetal outcome in hepatitis C with obstetrical haemorrhagic emergencies. An observational study. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit-I, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital, Hyderabad, Sindh, from January 2009 to December 2010. All the women admitted during the study period with different obstetrical haemorrhagic emergencies were included. On virology screening, hepatitis C screening was done on all. The women with non-haemorrhagic obstetrical emergencies were excluded. Studied variables included demographic characteristics, the nature of obstetrical emergency, haemorrhagic conditions and maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 20. More frequent obstetrical haemorrhagic emergencies were observed with hepatitis C positive in comparison with hepatitis C negative cases including post-partum haemorrhage in 292 [80.88%] and ante-partum haemorrhage in 69 [19.11%] cases. Associated morbidities seen were disseminated intravascular coagulation in 43 [11.91%] and shock in 29 [8.03%] cases with hepatitis C positive. Fetal still birth rate was 37 [10.24%] in hepatitis C positive cases. Frequency of maternal morbidity and mortality and perinatal mortality was high in obstetrical haemorrhagic emergencies with hepatitis C positive cases

Risk factors in early pregnancy complications

To determine the underlying risk factors in early pregnancy complications and outcome. Case series. This study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit-IV, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, from July 2007 to June 2008. All the women with first trimester pregnancy with different complications were included in this study while those women with uneventful first trimester were excluded. The inducted women were registered on pre-designed proforma. Studied Variables including demographic details, gestational period, type of complications, risk factors, treatment and outcome. The data was expressed in terms of mean and percentages with a confidence interval of 95%. Analysis was done on SPSS version 14. Out of a 204 total admissions, 115 [56.37%] patients had different early pregnancy complications. Their mean age was 29.4+6.8 years. Commonest complications found were abortion in 88 [76.52%] cases. The underlying risk factors found in abortion were antiphospholipid syndrome in 5 [5.68%] cases, Diabetes mellitus in 8 [9.09%] cases, hypertension in 16 [18.18%] cases, and polycystic ovarian syndrome and infection in 11 [12.5%] cases each. Most of the cases 69 [60%] were treated by minor surgical procedures, and 22 [19.13%] cases responded with conservative medical therapy. Outcome were anaemia in 92 [79.3%] cases, psychological upset in 72 [62.1%], infection in 55 [44%] cases and coagulopathy in 9 [7.8%] cases. Abortion was found as the most frequent early pregnancy complication and the most frequent underlying risk factor was hypertension. Outcome included anaemia, psychological upset and infection

Evaluation of early pregnancy loss

Abortion is the commonest complication of the pregnancy, and is responsible for the maximum number of pregnancy wastage. It may be induced or spontaneous. This study was carried out prospectively from January 1995 to December 1996 to find out the cause and prevalence of abortion. During this time 2104 gynaecological patients were admitted in our unit, and out of them 240 cases were of abortion i.e. 11.4% was the prevalence of abortion. Most cases of abortion occurred in women between the age groups of 26-35 years, the prevalence of abortion increases as the parity increases, highest prevalence were in para 5 and above. Commonest type of abortion was incomplete i.e. 30.4%. Prevalence of repeated abortions was 29.1%, most of these abortions occurred at 8 - 12 weeks of gestation i.e. 50.8%. Apparent causes for the abortion were most commonly the metabolic diseases i.e. 29.5% and the least common causes were the uterine malformations i.e. 8.2%